Sport is intermediated, controlled and contested by great numbers of organisations, headed by what can be termed global sports organisations (GSOs). The GSOs can be defined as the supreme organs of governance in sport whose authority is global. Despite this the growing body of international sports law is concerned more with the governance of athletes’ behaviour, and their relationships with their organisations and rules than with the organisations themselves (for examples see the International Association of Sports Law, 2004). Partly this is unavoidable as corrupt financial practice is a matter for criminal or corporate law within national jurisdictions. In addition the corruption is often political rather than directly financial. Thus the President of a GSO can use financial patronage to poorer national associations to secure votes their in presidential elections. The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), founded by the IOC, does not cover such practices but is concerned with the governance of athletes. It examines athletes and hears their appeals, often against the rulings of competition judges or against exclusion from competition for performance enhancing drugs offences rather than to deal with organisations (as an example case see Court of Arbitration for Sport, 2002). CAS was formally separated from the IOC in 1993/1994 and given its own formally autonomous governing council, ICAS (see Appendix), although the President of both ICAS and CAS is K. Mbaye, formerly a vice‐president of the IOC. Similarly the global sports anti‐doping agency (WADA) was founded as an agency of the IOC. A systematic approach to sport governance has been lacking and is overdue. One reason is sufficient and that is the perception of corruption associated with several of the major GSOs. Rather than having a regular team owner the international teams have GSOs; which are people who strictly enforce the authority to abide by rules and laws. The corruption is international games have became so absurd these actions have been put into place.
https://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Conferences-Events/2017/WCOS/Speakers/Peter-White.aspx
Group 4 